This article is to make readers aware about the
top ten open source DevOps projects that are extensively used today. It
is aimed at developers and DevOps engineers who use open source tools,
so that they can improve their current software development life cycles.
As we know, DevOps is the new buzzword in the
field of IT. It is nothing more than a software development practice
that emphasises the collaboration and communication between software
developers and IT professionals. It helps to cut down the development
time and increases deployment frequency without compromising on quality.
Let’s take a closer look at the top ten open source tools for DevOps.
1) Git
Git is an open source, distributed version control
system for tracking changes in source code during software development.
Git was created for the development of the Linux kernel by Linus
Torvalds in 2005, with other developers contributing to it initially.
Git works on the client-server model. Each Git directory on each
computer is a complete repository with full history and version tracking
capabilities, independent of network access. In order to make source
code accessible across the team, repositories need to be hosted on a
hosting service, on which team members can push their work and go back
to earlier versions if necessary. GitHub and Bitbucket are currently the
two best online Git repo hosting services.
2) Jenkins
Jenkins is an open source automation server that can
be used to automate all kinds of tasks related to software building,
testing and deployment. Jenkins can be installed through native system
packages, Docker or even run standalone on any machine with a Java
Runtime Environment (JRE) installed.
Features:
- Jenkins can be used as a continuous integration server or turned into a continuous delivery hub for any project as an extensible automation server.
- It is easy to install and configure it.
- Jenkins provides hundreds of plugins to support building, deploying and automating any project. You can also develop a Jenkins plugin based on your project needs.
- Jenkins supports the master-slave architecture, i.e., it can easily distribute work across multiple machines that help you to build, test and deploy applications faster.
3) ELK
The ELK stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash and Kibana) is
the most popular open source log analytics solution. The stack helps
you to collect logs from different services, applications, networks and
servers, and store them in a centralised location for processing and
analysis. Once logs are stored in the Elasticsearch index, you can use
it for analytical purposes like monitoring services, application
troubleshooting, security and audit purposes, business intelligence,
application performance monitoring, etc. Let’s understand the role of
the Elasticsearch, Logstash and Kibana stacks.
Elasticsearch: This is a highly
scalable, open source, full-text search and analytics engine. It
provides a distributed, multi-tenant-capable full-text search engine
with a RESTful Web interface and schema-free JSON documents.
Elasticsearch has been developed in Java, and is released as open source
under the terms of the Apache licence.
Logstash: This is for centralised
logging, log enrichment and parsing. By using Logstash, you can parse
the field you’re interested in from the logs, and send it to the
Elasticsearch index to save the records.
Kibana: Kibana is an open source
data visualisation and analytics platform designed to work with
Elasticsearch. You can use it to search and view the data stored in
Elasticsearch indices. You can easily perform data analysis and create
interactive dashboards to visualise your data in a variety of charts,
tables and maps.
4) Ansible
Ansible is an open source IT automation tool. It
provides configuration management, infrastructure orchestration, task
automation and more advanced IT tasks such as continuous deployments or
zero downtime rolling updates. Ansible’s main feature is that it is
agentless — no software or agent is installed on the client that
communicates back to the server. Ansible is written in Python and uses
YAML for playbook language, both of which are considered relatively easy
to learn.
5) Kubernetes
Kubernetes is an open source container orchestration
system designed for the automation of deployment and scaling, as well as
the management of containerised applications. It was originally
designed by Google and is now maintained by the Cloud Native Computing
Foundation. Kubernetes ranks No. 8 among the top open source projects on
GitHub, based on the contributor count.
6) Nagios
Nagios is one of the most popular free and open
source DevOps monitoring tools. In case of failure, it can send alerts
to the team, allowing it to fix the problem before outages affect
business processes, end users or customers. Nagios stores the logs of
events and failures, which helps to forecast outages and errors and
detect security threats. It is flexible, supporting both agent-based and
agentless architectures. Nagios has a huge community of supporters and
contributors. You can use the existing thousands of plugins and add-ons.
Nagios allows users to easily develop their own service checks
depending on needs, by using their tools of choice (shell scripts, C++,
Perl, Ruby, Python, PHP, C#, etc).
7) Docker
Docker is the leading open source container platform.
It is designed to make it easier to create, deploy and run applications
by using containers, which allow a developer to pack together an
application with all of the parts it needs, such as source code and
other dependencies. Multiple containers can run on the same machine and
share the OS kernel with other containers, each running as isolated
processes in the user space. Containers take up less space than VMs, can
handle more applications and require fewer VMs and operating systems.
8) Gradle
Gradle is an open source build automation tool. It
has been designed to support build automation across multiple languages
and platforms including Java, C/C++, Python and Groovy, and it has
support for IDEs and CI tools such as Eclipse, IntelliJ and Jenkins.
Gradle build scripts are written using a Groovy or Kotlin DSL.
Features:
- Highly customisable — Gradle is modelled in a way that is customisable and extensible in the most fundamental ways.
- Fast — Gradle completes tasks quickly by reusing output from previous executions, processing only inputs that are changed and executing tasks in parallel.
- Powerful — Gradle is the official build tool for Android, and comes with support for many popular languages and technologies.
9) Selenium
Selenium is one of the most popular open source
testing tools for Web applications. It was originally developed by Jason
Huggins in 2004 for testing an internal project at ThoughtWorks.
Selenium supports automation testing of Web based
applications and the largest browser vendors. It has five basic
components — the Selenium IDE, Selenium Remote Control, Selenium
WebDriver, Selenium Grid and the Selenium client API (introduced in
Selenium 2). The Selenium IDE is the Firefox add-on for
record-and-playback Web application tests. WebDriver directly
communicates with the Web browser and uses its native compatibility to
automate.
10) Puppet
Puppet is an open core software configuration
management tool. One of its main features is that the infrastructure can
be managed as a code. Similar to Ansible, Puppet automates
infrastructure provisioning, which allows for faster and safer
deployment of applications and software.
Features:
- Infrastructure automation
- Automated provisioning
- Application release automation
- Task management
- Visualisation and reporting
- Orchestration
- Code management
- Role based access control
- Discovery and insights
Apart from these top of the list open source DevOps
tools, there are many other open source tools too that are good choices
like Vagrant, Apache Ant, Maven, Chef, etc.
